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Verbesserung des Impfstatus bei Epilepsiepatienten

Improvement of vaccination rates in epilepsy patients

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel der vorgestellten Studie war es herauszufinden, ob sich das Impfverhalten von Epilepsiepatienten bzw. deren Eltern von der Impfprävalenz einer gesunden Kontrollgruppe im Alter von 2 bis 25 Jahren unterscheidet. Hierzu wurden 50 Epilepsiepatienten gemäß ihrem Alter bei Diagnosestellung und unter Berücksichtigung ihrer Medikation in 3 Gruppen eingeteilt und mit 60 gesunden Kontrollpersonen verglichen. Die Daten zeigen signifikante Defizite in der Basisimmunisierung gegen Pertussis (p = 0,0002), Hepatitis A, Röteln, Parotitis und Masern. Insgesamt waren die Epilepsiepatienten überwiegend lückenhafter geimpft als ihre gesunde Vergleichsgruppe. Am schlechtesten war der Impfschutz gegen Hepatitis A und B bei Patienten unter Valproattherapie. Vor dem Beginn der Epilepsie hatten 14% der Betroffenen Ganzkeimvakzine gegen Pertussis erhalten (11% Gesunde). Das Impfverhalten war deutlich bei den Kindern verbessert, die nach 1996 geboren worden waren. Die Epilepsiepatienten waren im Vergleich zu den gesunden Probanden zwar lückenhafter geimpft (p = 0,012), jedoch tendenziell konsequenter als in den vergangenen Jahren, obwohl sie auch deutlich später geimpft worden waren. Der Notwendigkeit von Impfungen muss bei Epilepsiepatienten mehr Beachtung geschenkt werden, statt diese zu vernachlässigen. Das Bewusstsein der Eltern muss im Rahmen von Präventionsmaßnahmen gestärkt werden.

Abstract

The purpose of the presented study was to determine whether epilepsy patients are vaccinated differently compared to healthy controls in a cohort aged 2–25 years. Overall 50 patients with epilepsy versus 60 healthy controls were analyzed, sub-dividing the former population into three groups according to their age at diagnosis of epilepsy and type of medication. The data showed significant deficits in primary basic immunisation against pertussis (p = 0.0002), hepatitis A, rubeola, epidemic parotitis and rubella. Overall, the majority of patients were vaccinated less comprehensively than their healthy age-related peer group. The population with the poorest vaccine protection against hepatitis A and B was the group receiving valproate. In all, 14% of epilepsy patients had received whole-cell vaccination against pertussis before the onset of seizures (11% in healthy controls). A marked improvement in vaccination rates could be seen in children born after 1996. Although the epilepsy patients were vaccinated poorly compared to healthy controls (p = 0.012), vaccination rates had improved significantly in recent years, despite most epilepsy patients being vaccinated much later. More rather than less attention should be paid to vaccinations in patients with epilepsy. Parent awareness needs to be improved for preventive purposes.

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Shazi-König, N., Jung, N., Weiss, C. et al. Verbesserung des Impfstatus bei Epilepsiepatienten. Z. Epileptol. 26, 35–43 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10309-012-0296-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10309-012-0296-9

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